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Date: 1 December 1956
Heats
Final
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time |
| 1 | Norma Croker; Betty Cuthbert; Fleur Mellor; Shirley Strickland de la Hunty | AUS | 44.5 |
| 2 | Heather Armitage; Anne Pashley; June Paul; Jean Scrivens | GBR | 44.7 |
| 3 | Isabelle Daniels; Mae Faggs; Margaret Matthews; Wilma Rudolph | USA | 44.9 |
| 4 | Irena Botchkareva; Maria Itkina; Vera Krepkina; Galina Rezchikova | URS | 45.6 |
| 5 | Letizia Bertoni; Milena Greppi; Giuseppina Leone; Maria Musso | ITA | 45.7 |
| 6 | Gisela Kohler; Barbara Mayer; Maria Sander; Christa Stubnick | GER | 47.2 |
| Heats | |||
| 7 | Catherine Capdevielle; Micheline Fluchot; Simone Henry; Angele Picado | FRA | 46.3 |
| 8 | Maria Kusion; Barbara Lerczak; Genowefa Minicka; Halina Richter | POL | 46.5 |
| 9 | Eleanor Haslam; Dorothy Kozak; Diane Matheson; Maureen Rever | CAN | 46.6 |