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Host nation: GRE Greece
Opening date: 13 August 2004
Closing date: 29 August 2004
Olympic flame lit by Nikolaos Kaklamanakis
Olympic oath taken by Zoi Dimoschaki
Other candidate cities: Buenos Aires (ARG); Cape Town (RSA); Rome (ITA); Stockholm (SWE)
Number of athletes: 10646
Number of non-participating athletes: 88
Index of athletes
Athletes by sport
Athletes by nation
Medallists
Medallists by sport
Medallists by nation
Results
Records
Medal Table
| Gold | Silver | Bronze | ||
| USA | United States of America | 36 | 39 | 27 |
| CHN | People's Republic of China | 32 | 17 | 14 |
| RUS | Russian Federation | 27 | 27 | 38 |
| AUS | Australia | 17 | 16 | 16 |
| JPN | Japan | 16 | 9 | 12 |
| GER | Germany | 13 | 16 | 20 |
| FRA | France | 11 | 9 | 13 |
| ITA | Italy | 10 | 11 | 11 |
| KOR | Korea | 9 | 12 | 9 |
| GBR | Great Britain | 9 | 9 | 12 |
| CUB | Cuba | 9 | 7 | 11 |
| UKR | Ukraine | 9 | 5 | 9 |
| HUN | Hungary | 8 | 6 | 3 |
| ROU | Romania | 8 | 5 | 6 |
| GRE | Greece | 6 | 6 | 4 |
| BRA | Brazil | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| NOR | Norway | 5 | 0 | 1 |
| NED | Netherlands | 4 | 9 | 8 |
| SWE | Sweden | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| ESP | Spain | 3 | 11 | 5 |
| CAN | Canada | 3 | 6 | 3 |
| TUR | Turkey | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| POL | Poland | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| NZL | New Zealand | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| THA | Thailand | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| BLR | Belarus | 2 | 6 | 7 |
| AUT | Austria | 2 | 4 | 1 |
| ETH | Ethiopia | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| IRI | Islamic Republic of Iran | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| SVK | Slovakia | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| TPE | Chinese Taipei | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| GEO | Georgia | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| BUL | Bulgaria | 2 | 1 | 9 |
| JAM | Jamaica | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| UZB | Uzbekistan | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| MAR | Morocco | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| DEN | Denmark | 2 | 0 | 6 |
| ARG | Argentina | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| CHI | Chile | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| KAZ | Kazakhstan | 1 | 4 | 3 |
| KEN | Kenya | 1 | 4 | 2 |
| CZE | Czech Republic | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| RSA | South Africa | 1 | 3 | 2 |
| CRO | Croatia | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| LTU | Lithuania | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| EGY | Egypt | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| SUI | Switzerland | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| INA | Indonesia | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| ZIM | Zimbabwe | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| AZE | Azerbaijan | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| BEL | Belgium | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| BAH | Bahamas | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| ISR | Israel | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| CMR | Cameroon | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| DOM | Dominican Republic | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| UAE | United Arab Emirates | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| PRK | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 0 | 4 | 1 |
| LAT | Latvia | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| MEX | Mexico | 0 | 3 | 1 |
| POR | Portugal | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| FIN | Finland | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| SCG | Serbia and Montenegro | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| SLO | Slovenia | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| EST | Estonia | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| HKG | Hong-Kong | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| IND | India | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| PAR | Paraguay | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| COL | Colombia | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| NGR | Nigeria | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| VEN | Venezuela | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| ERI | Eritrea | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| MGL | Mongolia | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| SYR | Syrian Arab Republic | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| TTO | Trinidad and Tobago | 0 | 0 | 1 |